WORLD CRYPTOCURRENCY GUIDE
Execution

Slippage: calculate minimum output before a swap

A quote is an estimate; the signed limit defines what you actually accept.

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Short answer

For a fixed-input swap, compare the quote, minimum output and total cost. Tolerance is neither a certain fee nor a security guarantee. Do not increase it without understanding why execution failed.

Minimum output

Floor for fixed input

Maximum input

Cap for fixed output

Deadline

Validity limit

01

Read the asset and route

Check network, both token contract addresses, route and amount. Identical symbols do not establish identical assets. Multiple pools can add costs and dependencies; the quote should cover the whole route.

02

Calculate an explicit limit

Hypothetical example: a quote of 1,000 units and 0.5% tolerance gives a simplified minimum of 995 units. Wallet rounding and router rules can differ. Always check the actual signed value rather than the displayed percentage alone.

03

Separate quote, threshold and fees

Your order’s price impact may already be included in the quote. Tolerance permits additional movement without always being consumed. Network fees, preliminary approvals and token charges differ; a failed transaction may still use gas.

04

Handle failure or delay

Check whether price, deadline, balance, permission or contract caused the problem. Refreshing the quote may suffice. A wide tolerance permits unfavorable execution and some MEV scenarios. Inspect status before submitting another swap.

Compare

Check parameters

ParameterPurposeLimit
Minimum outputFloor for fixed inputNot a guaranteed price
Maximum inputCap for fixed outputDifferent from minimum output
DeadlineValidity limitNot an inclusion time
Network feesProcessing costPossible even on failure

Calculate minimum output

Simplified minimum : 995

Hypothetical example: 1,000 units at 0.5% gives 995. Quote and result use the same unit; network fees excluded. Rounding, token fees and router rules can differ: the signed minimum governs.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

Does 1% tolerance mean losing 1%?

No. It permits unfavorable movement up to the defined limit; execution can be better.

Can tolerance be zero?

A very strict limit may cause failure as the quote changes. No universal setting fits every asset.

Does minimum output protect against malicious tokens?

No. Check contracts, permissions, restrictions and the entire route separately.

Verifiable sources

Independent educational content reviewed against primary documentation. No personalized recommendation or promise of returns. Updated October 6, 2026

Related terms

Maximum input
Input cap for a fixed-output swap, distinct from a minimum-output limit.
Minimum output
Lowest output accepted for a fixed-input swap; verify it in the signed parameters.
Price impact
Movement caused by the size of your own trade in available liquidity, distinct from quote-to-execution change.
Slippage
The difference between expected and executed price.